PostgreSQL MAKE_TIME() Function

Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the PostgreSQL MAKE_TIME() function to create a time value from hour, minute, and second values.

Introduction to the PostgreSQL MAKE_TIME() function

The MAKE_TIME() function allows you to create a time value from hour, minute, and second values.

Here’s the syntax of the MAKE_TIME() function:

MAKE_TIME ( hour int, min int, sec double precision ) → timeCode language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

In this syntax:

• hour: The hour part of the time. The valid range for the hour is from 0 to 23. 0 represents midnight (12:00 AM) and 24 represents noon.
• min: The minute part of the time. The valid range for the second is from 0 to 59.
• sec: The second within a minute. Its valid range is from 0 to 59.999999.

The MAKE_TIME() function returns a time value constructed from the hour, min, and sec.

If you use invalid values for hour, min, and sec, the function will issue an error.

PostgreSQL MAKE_TIME() function examples

Let’s explore some examples of using the MAKE_TIME() function.

1) Basic MAKE_TIME() function examples

The following example uses the MAKE_TIME() function to construct a time 22:30:45 from hour, minute, and second:

SELECT MAKE_TIME(22,30,45);Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

Output:

 make_time
-----------
 22:30:45
(1 row)Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

The following example attempts to use invalid values for hour, minute, and second to construct a time and results in an error:

SELECT MAKE_TIME(25,30,45);Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

Error:

ERROR:  time field value out of range: 25:30:45Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

2) Using the MAKE_TIME() function with string arguments

Even though the type of hour and minute parameters are integers and seconds are double precision, you can pass string arguments to the MAKE_TIME() function.

Behind the scenes, the function will implicitly convert these string arguments to the proper types, as long as the results of the conversions are in the valid range.

SELECT MAKE_TIME('8', '30', '59.999999');Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

Output:

    make_time
-----------------
 08:30:59.999999
(1 row)Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

Summary

• Use the MAKE_TIME() function to create a time value from hour, minute, and second values.